After a severe bout of sweltering summer heat as the time come for a splash in the rain, it also brings along microbes, which plague our eyes with infections. So along with the excitement that monsoon fills us with, we need to take proper care of our eyes.

From Disha Eye Hospitals, Dr. Aditya Pradhan, Consultant in Cornea, External Diseases and Cataract shares some measures to prevent eye problems due to the monsoon rains.

Conjunctivitis

Conjunctivitis is the inflammation of the conjunctiva (the membrane that lines the eyelids and covers the exposed surface of the eyeball). This eye ailment is quite common during monsoons. Just like viral fever, this infection is also contagious. This is characterized by an acute onset of a red, watery eye. It may be accompanied by pain and discharge and usually starts in one eye and spreads to the other as the secretions are contagious.

One may complain of a gritty feeling as if something has fallen in the eye. There may be blood clots visible around the cornea (central dark area) and in case it spreads to the cornea the patient may have symptoms such as intolerance to light (Photophobia), glare, and pain and may see colored haloes around lights. It usually occurs due to a viral infection and may be preceded by a fever. Though it typically lasts for a week, occasionally it may continue for up to 14 days. One should visit the ophthalmologist for examination as occasionally there can be sight-threatening complications. The secretions are contagious so the patient needs to be careful and use separate towels, bed sheets, etc.

Conjunctivitis is spread by transfer of the secretions from an infected person. One must maintain hygiene and avoid touching the eyes.

Although a self-limiting condition, it is better to visit an ophthalmologist for an accurate diagnosis and treatment. Supportive therapy in the form of artificial tears and cold compress work wonders. Over-the-counter steroid/steroid-antibiotic eye drops should be strictly avoided as they can cause sight-threatening complications. Contact lens wearers must discontinue lens wear till the ophthalmologist allows them to. Sharing of eye drops between affected family members isn’t recommended. Patients should avoid visiting public places, especially community swimming pools.

Corneal Ulcers

A corneal ulcer is an infection of the cornea. There is an increased incidence of corneal ulcers in this season, especially among contact lens wearers and those with an interest in gardening/those engaged in farm work. This is characterized by a sudden onset of pain, redness, watering photophobia, and decreased vision in the affected eye.

This can be serious if not treated immediately, so a visit to the ophthalmologist is mandatory for anyone with the above symptoms. An affected person should stop wearing contact lenses with immediate effect. Treatment is with anti-microbial agents and depends on the severity and etiology of the condition.

Allergy

Dust, pollens, cosmetics, and weather change may trigger allergies. Contact lens wearers need to stop wearing lenses during an episode of allergic conjunctivitis. Wearing sunglasses will protect the eyes from dust and will prevent dust particles from entering the eyes. Over-the-counter steroid/steroid-antibiotic eye drops should be strictly avoided as they can cause sight-threatening complications. A prompt visit to the ophthalmologist is recommended for quick resolution of the condition.

About the author- Dr. Aditya Pradhan, Consultant in Cornea, External Diseases and Cataract, Disha Eye Hospitals